![]() Non-Exclusionary Example: If the teacher took the ball off Brian for 10 minutes but let him remain in the playground this would be a non-exclusionary time-out as he has lost access to the soccer ball (reinforcer) but remains within the environment (playground). He must sit there for 2 minutes.Įxample Two: Brian was enjoying playing with a soccer ball in the playground but then kicks it at another student to hurt them.Įxclusionary Time-Out: If the teacher told Brian that he had to go into the library detention room for 10 minutes this would be an exclusionary time-out as he has lost access to the reinforcing environment (playground). Non-Exclusionary Time-Out: The teacher guides Tom to the time-out chair within the classroom where he has to sit and watch as his classmates enjoy free-time. He has to remain behind the partition for 2 minutes. During this free-time, Tom punches one of his classmates.Įxclusionary Time-Out: The teacher guides Tom to a separate partitioned room in the corner of the main classroom where he cannot see or engage with the rest of the class. a toy) from a child for engaging in a target behaviour.Įxamples of Exclusionary & Non-Exclusionary Time-OutĮxample One: Everyone in Tom’s class has free-time and they are playing with toys of their choice. Withdrawing a Specific Reinforcer: removing a positive reinforcer (e.g.Contingent Observation: the child has to sit and watch others engage in reinforcing activities.Planned Ignoring: a time-out where social attention is removed.Time-Out Ribbon: each child wears a ribbon that can be taken off them to implement a time-out.Hallway Time-Out: student stands outside the classroom.Ī non-exclusionary time-out is in place when the person is allowed to remain within the reinforcing environment but is not permitted to engage in any reinforcing activities for a pre-specified period of time this form of time-out removes reinforcers from the individual.Ĭooper et al (2007, p.358-9) list four different methods for implementing a non-exclusionary time-out and these are:.Partition Time-Out: timeout behind a partition.Time-Out Room: timeout within a room created specifically for a time-out.Cooper et al (2007, p.360) list three different methods of implementing an exclusionary time-out and these are: Exclusionary Time-outĪn exclusionary time-out is in place when a person is removed from a reinforcing environment for a pre-specified period of time. ![]() The goal of implementing a time-out procedure is to decrease the future occurrence of a target behaviour, and there are two types of time-out: “exclusionary” and “non-exclusionary”. Cooper, Heron and Heward (2007, p.357) state that time-out 'is defined as the withdrawal of the opportunity to earn positive reinforcement, or the loss of access to positive reinforcers for a specified period of time, contingent on the occurence of a behaviour'.
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